英语趣谈:Facts、interpretation和快乐人生

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“There are no facts, only interpretations.”这句话来自十九世纪末德国哲学家Friedrich Nietzsche(尼采)。

Fact是a thing that is known or proved to be true,即事实。例如︰No argument is meaningful unless it is based on facts.(没有事实根据的论调,没什么意思。)Journalists must report only facts.(新闻记者只应报道事实。)

事实是诠释?

Interpretation是名词,解the action of explaining the meaning of something,对某些事物的解释;an explanation or way of explaining,解释或一种解释的方法。 Interpret是动词,解explain the meaning of (information or actions),解释资料或行为;understand (an action, mood, or way of behaving) as having a particular meaning,对行动、情绪或行为的一种理解。

表面上,interpretation和fact应是水火不相容,但想深一层,所有由人说出或写出的”fact”,都避免不了演绎、诠释的过程。从这角度看,”there are no facts, only interpretations”这句话,是有它真确之处。

生活不开心,遇上的事情总是不如意,是facts。觉得这些是自己生命的facts,那就是你的现实,你相信的,当然就是你的facts,你的reality。但若fact说到底其实是interpretation,那这些负面消极的”facts”就可不一定是facts,换个角度看,世界就可以变得不同。

像有点玄的道理,其实很实用,也很容易做得到。每天只需十分钟,不快的心情就会变得快乐。 University of Central Lancashire的临床心理学家Sandi Mann在她的著作Ten Minutes to Happiness中就教我们这个方法。

十分钟变快乐

找本记事簿,无论多忙,每天都坚持有恒心地花点时间问自己六个问题:

•What experiences, however mundane(平凡的), gave you pleasure?
•What praise(赞美) and feedback(反应、评语) did you receive?
•What were the moments of pure good fortune(不折不扣的幸运)?
•What were your achievements, however small?
•What made you feel grateful
(感激的)?
•How did you express kindness(仁慈)?

不断这样做,就可慢慢改变不安、不快、不满的心态。 Sandi Mann介绍的方法是有科学研究作根据。这些研究证实︰”taking a little time to reappraise(重新评估、重新评价) your day in these ways can slowly shift your mindset(心态) so that you eventually find more happiness in your life.”

为什么会有这样的功效?

When we feel low, it can be easy to overlook(看漏、忽略) the things that are going right – and keeping this journal brings them to the forefront of your attention.
心情不佳,令我们忘记了一天中发生的好事情,写这本记事簿的几分钟,就把这些值得开心、感激的经验带出来,不只是当天,日后心情不佳的时候重读,也可以化解不快。今天头头碰着黑可能不是fact,只是interpretation,而interpretation当然是可以改变。

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